Птолемей

Pharaoh Ptolemy I AKA Claudius Ptolemy AKA Batlaymus AKA Savior Macedonian Greece / Egypt 90 – 168 BCE Teachers: Alexander the Great; Aristotle; Democritus; Pythagoras; Pliny the Elder; Archimedes; Hipparchus, inventor of a primitive Astrolab; Students: Abu Ma'shar; Hipparchus; Eratosthene;Euclid; Copernicus; Johannes Kepler; Johannes Hevelius; Isaac Newton; Theodore Haak; Godfrey Selig; Christiaan Huygens; Edmond Halley; Nikola Tesla; Helisaeus Roeslin; Gerber; Abu Ma'shar; Simon Studion; Johannes Bureus; Wilhelm Schickard; Joseph Louis Lagrange ; Pierre-Simon Laplace; Albert Einstein; Eudoxus; Pierre Gassendi; Nicholas Claude Fabri de Peiresc; Athanasius Kircher; Marin Mersenne; Tycho Brahe; Galileo Galilei ; Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, astronomer; al-Kharaqī, astronomer; al-Tusi , astronomer; Rev. Joseph Priestley; Pierre Hérigone; Hypatia of Alexandria ; Christopher Clavius; Aeschines of Cnidus; Eudoxus of Cnidus ; Al-Idrisi, mapmaker; Abraham Cresques, creator of the Catalan Atlas; Bartolomeu Dias, explorer of Southern Africa; Vasco Da Gama, explorer around South America; Ferdinand Magellan, explorer of the Oceans; Vasco Nunez de Balboa, explorer; Hernan Cortez, explorer; Francisco Pizarro, explorer; Mercator, mapmaker; Abraham Ortelius, mapmaker; William Janszoon, explorer of Australia; James Cook, explorer; Hero of Alexandria, creator of a steam machine; Ptolemy II aka Ptolemy II Philadelphus the First, another good Pharaoh, who had 70 Jewish scholars translate the Bible and more into Greek in the Septuagint, or LXX, 200-300 BCE; ; Cleopatra, the seventh, the last Greek Pharaoh, the only one to learn Egyptian as well as Greek; Eugene of Palermo; J.M. Ashmand ; Prince Henry the Navigator (1394 - 1460); Al-Sharif al-Idrisi, author of the World Map (1154); Kwon Kun's Kangnido Map (1402)from Korea; Martin Waldseemuller, author of Universalis Cosmographia (1507); Diogo Ribeiro, mapmaker (1529); Gerardus Mercator, mapmaker (1569); Joan Blaeu , author of Atlas maior (1662); César-François Cassini de Thury (Cassini III) and his son Jean-Domenique Cassini (Cassini IV) and the entire Cassini family of French mapmakers, (1744); Oronce Finé of France; Pierre Desceliers, mapmaker; Halford Mackinder of Britain, (1904); Arno Peters (1973); William Rand, 1856; Andrew McNally, American mapmakers; Brian McClendon of Google Maps, 2013; Jerry Brotton, author of A History of the World in Twelve Maps (2012);

Organizations: Author: astronomical treatise now known as the Almagest (in Greek, Ἡ Μεγάλη Σύνταξις, "The Great Treatise", originally Μαθηματικὴ Σύνταξις, "Mathematical Treatise"). The second is the Geography, which is a thorough discussion of the geographic knowledge of the Greco-Roman world. The third is the astrological treatise known sometimes in Greek as the Apotelesmatika (Ἀποτελεσματικά), more commonly in Greek as the Tetrabiblos (Τετράβιβλος "Four books"), and in Latin as the Quadripartitum (or four books) in which he attempted to adapt horoscopic astrology to the Aristotelian natural philosophy of his day; Ephestion (mentioned by Antoine Fabre d'Olivet; Comments: Ancients; created the Great Library of Alexandria with quarters for scholars,who got a stipend and board; co-operative science; Alexander's General in Egypt when he died, took the Egyptian Kingdom for his own, ruling in a more Greek than Oriental style; math; astrologer; geographer; Babylonian astronomy; poet; geocentric theory of the Solar System rules astronomy for ages; "music of the spheres"; the Light house and harbor; very good administrator; Cut Nile measurement into rock & charged taxes based on how high the river rose and what you SHOULD be able to grow; Taxed papyrus; gathered 70 Hebrew Judeans to translate the Old Testament, the Septuigan, which is how most early Christians experienced the Bible; ;

Resources: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy; http://www.sacred-texts.com/astro/ptb/index.htm; http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/12/12-maps-that-changed-the-world/282666/ ;